Penicillin shine maganin rigakafi na farko a duniya da aka yi amfani da shi a aikin asibiti.Bayan shekaru da yawa na ci gaba, ƙwayoyin rigakafi da yawa sun karu, amma matsalar juriya da magungunan da aka yi amfani da su a hankali ya zama sananne.
Ana ɗaukar peptides na ƙwayoyin cuta suna da fa'idodin aikace-aikacen sabili da babban aikinsu na kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, fa'idodin ƙwayoyin cuta, iri-iri, kewayon zaɓi mai faɗi, da ƙarancin juriya a cikin nau'ikan manufa.A halin yanzu, yawancin peptides na antimicrobial suna cikin mataki na bincike na asibiti, daga cikinsu magainins (Xenopus laevis antimicrobial peptide) ya shiga cikin gwajin gwaji na Ⅲ.
Ingantattun hanyoyin aiki
Antimicrobial peptides (amps) sune ainihin polypeptides tare da nauyin kwayoyin halitta na 20000 kuma suna da aikin kashe kwayoyin cuta.Tsakanin ~ 7000 kuma ya ƙunshi ragowar amino acid 20 zuwa 60.Yawancin waɗannan peptides masu aiki suna da halaye na tushe mai ƙarfi, kwanciyar hankali mai zafi, da kuma manyan ƙwayoyin cuta.
Dangane da tsarin su, peptides na antimicrobial za a iya raba kusan kashi huɗu: helical, sheet, tsawo, da zobe.Wasu peptides antimicrobial sun ƙunshi gaba ɗaya na helix ko takarda ɗaya, yayin da wasu suna da tsari mai rikitarwa.
Mafi na kowa tsarin aiki na peptides antimicrobial shine cewa suna da aiki kai tsaye a kan membranes cell membranes.A takaice dai, peptides antimicrobial suna rushe yuwuwar membranes na kwayan cuta, canza canjin membrane, zubewar metabolites, kuma a ƙarshe yana haifar da mutuwar kwayan cuta.Halin da ake tuhuma na peptides na antimicrobial yana taimakawa wajen inganta ikon su na hulɗa tare da membranes cell membranes.Yawancin peptides na antimicrobial suna da caji mai kyau don haka ana kiran su peptides cationic antimicrobial.Ma'amalar electrostatic tsakanin cationic antimicrobial peptides da anionic membranes na kwayan cuta yana tabbatar da daurin peptides na antimicrobial zuwa membranes na kwayan cuta.
Ƙwararrun hanyoyin warkewa masu tasowa
Ƙwararrun peptides na antimicrobial don yin aiki ta hanyar hanyoyi masu yawa da tashoshi daban-daban ba kawai ƙara yawan aikin antimicrobial ba amma har ma yana rage haɓakar juriya.Yin aiki ta hanyar tashoshi da yawa, yiwuwar ƙwayoyin cuta suna samun sauye-sauye da yawa a lokaci guda za a iya rage su sosai, yana ba da peptides na antimicrobial kyakkyawan juriya.Bugu da kari, saboda yawancin peptides na maganin ƙwayoyin cuta suna aiki akan rukunin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, dole ne ƙwayoyin cuta su sake fasalin tsarin membrane ɗin tantanin halitta gaba ɗaya don canzawa, kuma yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo kafin sauye-sauye masu yawa su faru.Ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a cikin chemotherapy don iyakance juriya na ƙari da juriya na miyagun ƙwayoyi ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyi da yawa da wakilai daban-daban.
Hasashen asibiti yana da kyau
Ƙirƙirar sababbin magungunan rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta don guje wa rikici na gaba na gaba.Yawancin peptides na antimicrobial suna fuskantar gwaji na asibiti kuma suna nuna yiwuwar asibiti.Yawancin aiki ya rage a yi a kan peptides na antimicrobial a matsayin sababbin magungunan antimicrobial.Yawancin peptides na maganin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin gwajin asibiti ba za a iya kawo su kasuwa ba saboda ƙarancin ƙirar gwaji ko rashin inganci.Sabili da haka, ƙarin bincike kan hulɗar magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta na peptide tare da hadadden yanayin ɗan adam zai zama da amfani don tantance gaskiyar yiwuwar waɗannan kwayoyi.
Lallai, da yawa mahadi a cikin gwaje-gwajen asibiti sun sami wasu gyare-gyaren sinadarai don inganta kayan aikin su na magani.A cikin wannan tsari, yin amfani da manyan ɗakunan karatu na dijital da haɓaka software na ƙirar ƙira zai ƙara haɓaka bincike da haɓaka waɗannan magunguna.
Kodayake ƙira da haɓaka peptides na antimicrobial aiki ne mai ma'ana, dole ne mu yi ƙoƙari don iyakance juriya na sabbin ƙwayoyin cuta.Ci gaba da haɓaka nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban da hanyoyin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta za su taimaka wajen iyakance tasirin juriya na ƙwayoyin cuta.Bugu da ƙari, lokacin da aka sanya sabon wakili na rigakafi a kasuwa, ana buƙatar cikakken kulawa da kulawa don iyakance amfani da kwayoyin cutar da ba dole ba kamar yadda zai yiwu.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-04-2023